• William Lloyd Garrison published the Liberator formed new England anti-slavery society 1837 women were welcomed and they joined
  • anti-slavery societies with women formed in New England in 1832
  • by 1838 100 societies have been created
  • it spread New England to New York to the Midwest Ohio became a hotbed of anti-slavery agitation
  • they started a militant petition campaign with national conventions they talk to mixed or promiscuous audiences started a controversy over the woman’s proper place
  • women causes and slavery causes became intertwined
  • they're becoming more liberal
  • a large proportion of abolitionist women were Quakers
  • Lydia Maria Child 1833 published appeal in favor Of That Class of Americans Called Africans it denounced slavery and defended racial equality it was not a popular book
  • Prudence Crandall opened an Academy to one black student all the other students left so she reopened it as the school for black girls she was arrested three times
  • her score was vandalized by the townspeople so she closed it
  • at first they had male assistance in Philadelphia they raised money for the Liberator and the anti-slavery society and they supported man who spoke for the cause and they open black schools
  • they were allowed to have acceptable activities but if they went too far and angry mob would close them down
  • they started a petition campaign that went door-to-door was very successful
  • the first women agents were the first Southern women to be known in public life and they addressed promiscuous audiences of men and women
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  • racial and sexual equality were linked
  • Grimkes were Southerners they were members of the slave owning family and they were the controversial anti-slavery agents
  • they were put down in Massachusetts because they had the tone of a man and in a public reformer and their activism was unnatural according to a minister in Massachusetts in 1837
  • The Grimkes sisters wrote pamphlets and said it was a woman’s right to have a voice and laws which she should be governed whether in church or state
  • they drew analogies between slaves and women talking about the need for equal conditions
  • in 1839 the women’s movement turned into factions New England branch aggravated by woman’s position to allow racial intermarriage in Massachusetts
  • the Garrisonians allowed women to participate in all facets of reform
  • the Grimkes said that to get slaves irons off they also have to see that they are slaves as well as women
  • the visitor is a newspaper in Minnesota the editor couldn’t commit herself to either of the two factions
  • black women were also active in the abolitionist movement
  • 1837 women’s convention on anti-slavery condemned those societies that reject colored members but black women usually form their own anti-slavery societies
  • Sojourner Truth was a former slave and a popular speaker with anti-slavery audiences starting in the 1840s
  • Harriet Tubman was a female speaker in the 1850s
  • Harriet Beecher Stowe Ohio 1830s patriotic speaker wrote the book uncle Tom’s cabin she became the most famous anti-slavery hero her book went into 300,000 homes Harriet Beecher Stowe was in a public speaker she was a domestic of evangelist empathizing with uncle Tom and promoted anti-slavery views among family members