1 How did the economy of Europe change during the industrial revolution? The economy was based on manufactured goods like iron and cotton not on farming anymore. The economy of Europe became much more profitable and Great Britain became a powerhouse of profit.

2 What other changes occurred during the Industrial Revolution? There are many changes during the Industrial Revolution the biggest change was the way people lived. Before the Industrial Revolution most people chose to live on farms or in cottages in the countryside of Europe. After the Industrial Revolution because farming had become so difficult because of the enclosure acts people moved into the cities and began to work in factories. The conditions in the factories were horrible with many people working night and day just to make ends meet. Women and children worked read alongside men in these horrible conditions..

3 Why did the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain? It began in Great Britain because of changed agricultural practices. Farmland expanded, there was good weather, improved transportation, and new crops increase the food supply, Britain had a ready supply of money to invest in machines and factories, Britain had a lot of natural resources and a large supply of markets gave British manufactures a ready outlet for their goods..

4 What industry did it begin in? Why? The enclosure acts change the way people farmed and larger farms became the norm in Britain. The first industry after farming that exploded was the production of cotton to make cheap material. There was a growing demand in the world for cotton cloth and Britain had the ships that could transport goods quickly around their vast empire.

5 Explain the term cottage industry: a cottage industry is where you make and create something like weaving cloth inside your home or your cottage. It is a production method where individuals made something small and then sold it.

6 What technological changes resulted from the Industrial Revolution? There were new inventions sped up industries. In cotton the flying shuttle, the spinning Jenny and the water powered loom made making inexpensive cotton faster. In the ion industry higher quality iron was used to build new machines and trains. More efficient railroads and trains that ran on top of the rails created better railroads.

 

7 How did the factory system change the lives of workers? Factories suck the life out of workers by creating filthy conditions working long hours. Workers moved to cities to work in factories causing overcrowding and filthy conditions with too much growth. Factory work required long hours under hard conditions and there was large-scale child labor. Women and children made a lot less money. The work was boring because they did one small task over and over.

8 How did government encourage the development of industry? Governments encouraged industrialization by providing funds to build roads canals and railroads. The government did very little to make factory owners responsible for the care of their workers or the safety of their factories.

9 What was the impact of the industrial revolution in the United States? The Industrial Revolution in the United States also cause people to move from the country to the cities. Before the Industrial Revolution six out of every seven Americans were farmers and no city had more than 100,000 people. After the Industrial Revolution there were nine cities that had over 100,000 people and only 50% of American workers were farmers.

10 What factors caused the European population to double between 1750 in 1850? The population doubled and the reasons included lower death rates, better health and nutrition in the population and because the people were well fed there were more resistant to diseases.

11 Explain why Ireland's population decline during the 19th century? Almost 1,000,000 people died during the Irish potato famine. Poverty led another million to move to America. Many other people moved looking for work to cities away from Ireland.

12 Which people made up the industrial middle class and what qualities did they have? The new industrial middle class was made up of people who built factories, bought machines and developed markets. They all had initiative, vision, ambition and greed.

13 How did the factory act of 1833 improve the working conditions for children? The factory act of 1833 meant that child labor was now limited. Children could now work limited hours and they perform low-paying jobs that could be done in the home with the women and only work reduced hours inside a factory.

14 What is socialism and what is its goal? Socialism is generally a type of government that controls some production and industry and then distributes the wealth more equally to everybody so everyone's needs could be met.