Textbook Pages 343-356
You should know about these 10 events.
1) The Calling of the Estates General Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General in Versailles , France on May 5, 1789, the first and second Estates had 300 representatives. The third estate had 600 representatives. The third estate wanted to set up a constitutional government that would make the clergy and nobility pay taxes too. The third estate wanted everyone to have one vote per deputy, the first and second estate could outvote the third estate two the one on June 17, 1789 the third estate declared it was the national assembly
2) The Tennis Court Oath was in Versailles , France June 20, 1789, after the third estate declared that it was the national assembly, the deputies arrived and found the doors had been locked. They moved to a nearby indoor tennis court. They swore they would continue to meet until they had a new constitution. This was the tennis court oath
3) The Storming of the Bastille in Paris, France on July 14, 1789 was when 900 people from Paris gathered in the courtyard of the bastill, which is an old fortress used as a prison because the price of bread had reached record highs. They lowered two drawbridges over the moat members of the French guard joined the attack and after four hours of fighting the prison warden surrendered. They cut off the prison warden's head. The crowd then demolished the bastille
4) The Declaration of the Rights of Man on August 26, 1789 in Paris, France, the national assembly was inspired by the English Bill of Rights of 1689, and the American declaration of independence and the Constitution. The declaration of the rights of man is a charter of basic liberties like liberty, property, security and resistance to oppression. Also, it said that All men were created free and equal before the law. An appointment to public office should be based on talent and no group should be exempt from taxation. There will be freedom of the press and speech.
5) The Women’s March on Versailles , France to the home of Louis XVI on October 5, 1789, thousands of Parisian women carrying pitchforks broomsticks and pistols marched to see that King. some of the women met with the king and told them the children were starving because there was no bread. The crowd of women told the king and his family to come to Paris to show support for the national assembly and the next day. On October 6, 1789 the king and his family returned to Paris with wagonload of flour.
6) The Declaration of the Rights of Woman in early 1791 the declaration of the rights of women and the female citizen was written by Oylmpe de Gouges in France. The declaration of the rights of Man and the Citizen raised important issues should equal rights include women, many deputies agreed as long as women do not hope to exercise political rights and functions, but one writer refused to accept this. She believed that “ignorance for the rights of women are the only causes of public misfortunes and the corruption of governments, the women have resolved to set forth the natural and alienable and sacred rights of women, in order that the declaration consistently expose before all members of society will ceaselessly remind them of their rights and duties”
7) The Constitution of 1791 was adopted on September 3, 1791. In Paris, France it Set up a limited monarchy so there was still a king, but a legislative assembly would make the laws at first only active citizens who were men over 25 who paid a certain amount and taxes could vote all other people were considered passive citizens with equal rights, but no vote. So only relatively wealthy people could vote. Government officials and judges and clergy would be elected. Local governments will put in charge of taxation. The declaration of the rights of man became the preamble to the Constitution of 1791
8) The King flees Paris in June 21, 1791 the Royal family attempted to flee Paris France in disguises. They almost reached their allies in the east but they were recognized and captured at Varennes France and brought back to Paris. The new legislative assembly met in October 1791 and amended the Constitution and tried the king and court of law.
9) The Execution of the King January 21, 1793. The convention passed a decree condemning Louis XVI to death. He was beheaded on the guillotine
10) The Terror for a year between 1793 and 1794, all over France, mostly in Paris. The committee of Public safety took control of the government to defend France from domestic threats, the committee adopted policies that became known as the reign of terror. 40,000 people were killed during the reign of terror by revolutionary courts to prosecute counterrevolutionaries and traders. Revolutionary armies were set up to bring rebellious cities under the control of the national convention. The guillotine proved to be too slow, so they shot the condemned in open graves Robespierre was an important leader during the reign of terror. Eventually he was arrested and executed.
Know means:
1. When (day/month/year)?
2. Where (location, city, country)?
3. Who are the main people involved?
4. Why did it occur?
5. What occurred?